From viral documentaries to scientific controversies – public debate around microplastics, forever chemicals and other contaminants has intensified in recent months. In this comprehensive evidence brief, the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences outlines what we know, what we don’t know, and what Australia’s next steps should be.

By evaluating and synthesising the most relevant recent research, this evidence brief examines the findings and limitations of existing measurement techniques and data, and makes the case for precautionary action that protects all Australians from any potential health impacts of microplastics, PFAS “forever chemicals” and other contaminants.

The Academy recommends that Federal Government and the health and medical sciences sector collaborate to:

1. Build the evidence base, including by establishing a National Human Biomonitoring Program.
2. Focus on priority populations such as groups that face higher exposure levels.
3. Review regulation to ensure that it reflects the latest science.
4. Support public awareness and exposure reduction through providing clear, accessible and evidence-based information.